Earth Metals

Group exit: 2 give up: s Common Properties: * Two negatrons in the outer shell * Low electron affinities * Low electronegativities * Readily vogue divalent cations. Discovery Dates: glucinium: unaffectionate in 1828 by Wöhler Magnesium: accepted as an element in 1775, separated in pure(a) form by Davy in 1805 Calcium: isolate in 1808 by Davy Strontium: isolated in 1808 by Davy atomic number 56: isolated in 1808 by Davy Radium: discovered and isolated in 1911 by Marie Curie. ionization energy number - total heat /kJ mol-1 1st 589.8 2nd 1145.4 3rd 4912.4 4th 6491 5th 8153 sixth 10496 7th 12270 8th 14206 9th 18191 tenth 20385 11th 57110 12th 63410 thirteenth 70110 14th 78890 15th 86310 16th 94000 17th 104900 18th 111710 nineteenth 494850 20th 527760 nuclear enactment: 20 nuclear Radii: nuclear gas constant (empirical): 180 pm nuclear radius (calculated): 194 pm negatron similitude: 2.37 kJ mol-1 negativism Value in Pauling units Pauling negativeness 1.00 Sanderson negativism 0.95 Allred Rochow electronegativity 1.04 Mulliken-Jaffe electronegativity 1.08 (sp orbital) Allen electronegativity 1.

034 Lewis electron Dot Diagram: Ca valence Shell electron complaisance: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 Noble Gas contraction: [Ar] 4s2 Metallic Character: * Grey, fluid metal * Rather hard * Rather reactive * It quick forms a white savoir-faire of calcium nitride in air * It reacts with water system and the metal burns with a yellow-red flame atomic Number: 12 Atomic radius (empirical): 150 pm Atomic radius (calculated): 145 pm Electron Affinity: 0 kJ mol-1 negativeness Value in Pauling units Pauling electronegativity 1.31 Sanderson electronegativity 1.32 Allred Rochow electronegativity 1.23 Mulliken-Jaffe electronegativity 1.37 (sp orbital) Allen electronegativity...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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